No model



NO MODEL.

YATENTAED FEB. 23, 1904.

J. L. POALK.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1. 1903.

5 SKEEI'SSHEET 1.

m: "cams verzns co, I -momma. wmummnu. n. c.

PATENTED FEB. 28, 19 04.

J. L. POALK.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1, 1903.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H0 MODEL.

WW 2 Z4 4 W.

WWW 7 No.'.752,922. PATENTBD FEB. 23, 1904..

J; L. POALK.

LOOM.

APPLIOATION FILED JUL-Y 1, 1903.

no MODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 752,922. PATENTED FEB. 23, 1904. J. LQPOALK.

' LOOM'.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1, 190a. N0 MODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4" UNITEDSTATES Patented February 23, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

LOOM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 752,922, dated February23, 1904.

hpplication fileddulyl,1903. Serial No. 163.864. (N5 model.)

and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Looms,

of which the following is a specification.

My invention has relation to a loom for weaving cloth or. similarfabric, and in such connection it relates to the construction andarrangements of parts of the loom-whereby a continuous weft may be woveninto the fabric from a spool or spools located outside the shuttle ofthe loom.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a loom wherein a weftthread or threads may bewoven into the fabric from a spool or spools notcarried by a shuttle, but connected with the shuttle in such a mannerthat the shuttle throws two threads, one opperatively and oneinoperatively, into the shed at one pick and brings the inoperativethread operatively into the shed at the next succeeding pick of saidshuttle.

In the carrying out of my invention there is provided in the loom a newmechanism whereby the sheds may be formed without the use of heddles,together with a new means for beating up the weft and other newmechanism for the successful operation of the loom, substantially ashereinafter described and claimed.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood fromthe following description, taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, formingpart hereof, in which I Figure 1 is a verticalsectional view of such parts of the loom embodying main features of myinvention as will clearly illustrate the operation of said loom. Fig. 2is a side elevation of the loom, certain parts thereof being removed.Fig. 3 is a front elevation thereof, partlysectioned. Fig. 4 is anenlarged detail view of the means for effecting the irregular picking inthe loom. Fig. 5 is a face view of one of the picker-disks of Fig. 4:.Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view taken on the'line 6 6 of Fig. l.Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of one of the shuttle-boxes. Fig.

8 is an enlarged front elevational view of one of the regular shuttles,and Figs. 9, 10, 11,

and 12 are diagrammatic views illustrating the weaving operation.

Referring to the drawings, the warp-threads are arranged in two series aand 7) and are drawn from the warp roll or beam a The threads of oneseries, a, pass over a bar a and are then drawn down and pass betweenclamping-rolls (5, arranged above the cloth-beam a. The threads of theother series, 5, are passed down alongside the vertical rods 6' and thenthrough the eyes 6 in the lower ends of these rods and are thn passedbetween the clamping-rolls ad. The rolls a are carried by an oscillatingor swinging frame 0, and this frame 0 also carries the shuttle-boxes 0and also the reed (Z, to be hereinafter more fully described. The frame0 oscillates upon a fulcrum 0 which by preference is in alinement withthe eyes 6 through which the warp-threads b are passed. The means foroscillating the frame 0 may be varied. In the preferred or simplest form(shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings) a link or links 0 connect the sides ofthe frame 0 to a crank or cranks a", secured to and traveling with oneof the power-shafts of the loom. When the frame 0 oscillates,the seriesa of warp-threads swing upon the upper bar (o as afulcrum, whereas theseries 5 of warp-threads swing upon the eyes b of the vertical rods 7),and there are thus formed two triangular sheds, as clearly illustratedinFig. 1. Inasmuch as the series of warp-threads a, swing in an arc of alarger radius than that in which the warpthreads a swing, it followsthat some take-up mechanism should be used to keep the threads a underproper tension. For this purpose a frame (4 is hinged at its front tothe loom above the bar a. The threads pass through this frame a and theweight of the frame (6 serves to maintain the threads a under propertension. When the frame 0 is swung to the position indicated in fulllines in said figure, then the shed extends to the right of the medialline of the loom. When the frame a swings to the left of the medial lineof the loom, then the shed is formed as indicated in dotted lines insaid figure. In the first instance the warpthreads a are in front or tothe right of the warp-threads 6, whereas in the other instance thewarp-threads a are back or to the left of the warp-threads Z. Theformation of these triangular sheds is an important feature of mypresent invention, inasmuch as at the upper corner of the shed aninoperative weftthread may be received and retained, as and for thepurpose hereinafter set forth, whereas in the lower corner of the shedthe cloth may be formed and beaten up by the reed d. The center of theshed is also open to offer an unimpeded passage-way for the shuttlescarrying the weft. The third corner or angle of the triangle is at 5 thepoint on which the warps 5 swing. The weft mechanism is designed'tothrow into the sheds thus formed one or more continuous weft-threads eand f, carried by the spools e and f, located, preferably, outside theloom proper. In addition to the continuous wefts c and f provision isalso made for throwing in short wefts g for the purpose and in themanner hereinafter described. With respect to the regular wefts e and fdrawn from the spools e and f the preferred mechanism for introducingthe same into the sheds is as follows: In each shuttle-box c arearranged three ways 6 and as illustrated in Fig. 2. The way 0 isoperatively arranged to receive and discharge a shuttle E, whereas theWay f is similarly arranged to receive and discharge a shuttle F. InFig. 8 is illustrated the simplest and therefore the preferred form of ashuttle E or F. It consists of a metallic, wooden, or other suitablebody 6 suitably rounded at either end and having an eye or opening 6extending transversely through the body intermediate of the ends.Through the eye 6 of the shuttle E is threaded the weftthread a from thespool e, and through a similar eye of the shuttle F is similarlythreaded the Weft f from the spool f. In the passage of the shuttle Efrom its box 0 at the right side of the loom-frame 0 through the shedand into the left-hand box 0 a double weft e is drawn into the shed, andsimilarly in the passage of the shuttle F from its box at the left sideof the loom-frame 0 through the shed into the right-hand box 0 a doubleweft f is drawn into the shed, as will be hereinafter more fullyexplained. The third way 9 is operatively arranged to receive anddischarge a shuttle G of ordinary construction or type designed to drawshort lengths of the weft 9 into the sheds. In Fig. 6 such ashuttle G isillustrated. It consists of a case 9 open at both ends and having in itsinterior the gripping spring-jaws 9 These jaws are arranged to be openedby a tube in the way 9 to receive at one end (the inner end) the threadg passed from a spool g through said tube g and to discharge at theother end a thread g received from an opposite tube g through which aweft g from an opposite spool g has been passed, as clearly illustratedin Figs. 2, 3, and 6. A shearing mechanism 9 serves to cut off the weftg after said weft is laid in a shed.

In the weaving of the fabric the two regular shuttles E and F are firstsupposed to be in a box at either side of the loom, as illustrated inFig. 9. One shuttle, E, is then thrown through a triangular shed at oneside of the rods 6 and draws with it a loop comprising a lower oroperative thread 6 and an upper or inoperative thread 0 The upper thread8 passes diagonally across the shed, as indicated in dotted lines inFig. 10. This inoperative thread 6 must then be raised to an upperhorizontal position (indicated in full lines in Fig. 10) to enable theshuttle F to perform its function. To accomplish this, there is arrangedin the loom, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, on either side of themedial line of the loom a lifter-arm h, suspended from a crank-shaft it,operated by a crank k and link 71 from a power-shaft h carrying a crank71 to which the link 72. is pivotally secured. When, therefore, thethread am has been passed diagonally through the shed, a lifter-arm itcatches the thread and raises it to a channel-way formed by the notches6 arranged in the vertical rods 7), as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1,and the thread 6 is held securely in this notch by the warp-threads awhen said threads a swing from right to left to form a shed to the leftof the medial line, into which shed the weftthread f is 'to be thrown bythe shuttle F. The other shuttle, F, when thrown through a shed drawswith it a loop comprising a lower operative thread f and an upper orinoperative thread f. The inoperative thread f passes diagonally throughthe shed, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 11. This inoperativethread is then raised by its lifter-arm it to a horizontal elevatedposition into a channel-way formed by the notches 6, cut into theopposite side of the vertical rods 5 below the notches 6 as clearlyillustrated in Fig. 1. In the swinging of the warp-threads a from rightto left the upper inoperative weft-thread 6 is bound in the notches 6 bythe warps a. A movement of the warp-threads a from left to right informing reverse sheds will serve to release the thread f from thenotches b while still confining the thread 0 in said notches 6 Before,however, the shuttles E and F continue their picks a short length of theauxiliary weft g is drawn into the shed, as illustrated in Fig. 12, toconfine the last-thrown weft fin the fabric. Upon the next movement ofthe shuttle F after the weft g is introduced the former inoperativethread f is brought down into operative position and becomes an activeweft f, as illustrated in Fig. 9, and no inoperative thread will appearin the shed. In a similar manner the return movement of the shuttle Ewill thereafter bring down the former inoperative thread 6 so that itbecomes an active weft e, and the operation continues until the fabricis completed. To beat up the wefts e, f, and g, a rotating reed (Z ispreferably used. As illustrated in the drawings, the reed consists of arotating shaft (1, to which are secured a series of flat arms 6Z2,projectingdiametrically across the shaft d. The shaft 0? is carried byand oscillates with theframe c, and the arms (2 of the reed d arearranged so that the thread 6, f, or g is first laid above the arms 63and then when the arms d are .turned the thread rests below the arms dand is beaten up by said arms into the fabric, as clearly illustrated inFig. 1.

Any suitable picking mechanism may be used for the irregular pickingabove described. A simple form of means for efiecting said irregularpicking is illustrated in detail in Figs. 4:, 5, and 6 of the drawings.ranging at each side of the loom a revolving shaft on which is securedtwo picker-disks 10' and 12, facing each other and having on contiguousfaces four pins 0 effecting the picking of the regular shuttles E and F,and a fifth and larger pin 10* arranged nearer the center of the disk por p and effecting the picking of the auxiliary shuttle Gr. Oscillatingon the frame 0 are the three picker-sticks 9*, r, and r for eachshuttle-box of. The stickr in one position of the boxes 0' comes inalinement with the pins 10 of one picker-disk, 10', whereas in the otherposition of the boxes 0 it clears the pins 0 of the second disk 19 Thestick o in one position of the boxes 0 clears the pins of the first diskp; but in the reverse position of the shuttle boxes it comes intoalinement with the pins 31 of the disk 29 The picker stick 1", however,is in alinement in both positions of the shuttle-boxes 0' with either alonger pin 0* of the disk 9 or a longer pin 19 of the disk p Thepicker-stick r effects the picking of the shuttle E, the stick o thepicking of the shuttle F, and the stick r the picking of the shuttle G.By regulating the rotation of the disks p and p as well as the positionswhich the pins 10 and 10 of one disk p occupy relatively to thepositions of the pins 12 and p of the other disk, 39 the picks of theshuttles E, F, and G can readily be obtained. These picks, asillustrated by the diagrams in Figs. 9 to 12, are as follows: first,

-a pick of the shuttle E through a shed formed when the warps are to theright of the medial line of the loom, as in Fig. 1; second, a pick ofthe shuttle F through a shed formed when the warps are to the left ofthe medial line of the loom; third, apick of the shuttleGthrough a shedformed on the right of the medial line of the loom; fourth, a pick ofthe shuttle F through a shed formed on the left of the medial line ofthe loom, and, fifth, a pick of the shuttle E through the shed on theright of the medial line of' the loom. On the next cycle of operationsthe shuttle F makes the first pick and closes the cycle with the lastpick.

It consists in ar- I The passage of the shuttle G through the shed ineither direction without interference with the warp-threads b ispermitted by reason of the beveling of the ends of the shuttle G in aplane obliquely to the plane of said warp-threads 5. A beveled end. ofthe shuttle G'SlldGS against the warps Z) and glides into the shed withlittle or no friction. This beveling of the ends of the shuttle G isclearly illustrated in Fig. 6.

Having thus described the nature and object of my invention, what'Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

L In a loom of the character described, wherein the warp-threads arearranged in two series depending from a medial line in the loom, a meansfor oscillating one of said series of threads with respect to the otherseries to form triangular sheds disposed alternately to the right andleft of said medial line.

2. In a loom provided with two series of warp-threads depending fromvarying points in a medial line, a means for oscillating each seriesfrom its depending point as a center to thereby form triangular shedsdisposed al- {ernately to the right and left of said medial 3. In a loomof the character described, in combination with means for formingwarpthreads into sheds, means for drawing a continuous weft threaddoubled through each shed at one pick, means for elevating one part ofsaid doubled thread into inoperative position after said pick, and meansfor drawing said elevated inoperative weft-thread into operativeposition upon the reverse pick.

a. In a loom of the character described, means for forming a series ofwarp-threads into sheds alternately upon either side of a medial line ofthe loom, in combination with means for drawing a doubled continuousweftthread through each shed at one pick of the loom, means for raisingone part of said doubled weft-thread into inoperative position aftersaid pick, and means for drawing said inoperative weft-thread intooperative position upon a reverse pick in the same shed.

5. In a 100m provided with two series of warp-threads, each seriessuspended from a center of oscillation, said centers varying in positionupon a medial line of the loom, an oscillating frame carrying bothseries of warpthreads and arranged below their centers of oscillation,and a. reed carried by said frame, said reed consisting of a shaftrevoluble in the frame, and a series of arms projecting diametricallyacross said shaft and revolving with said shaft. I

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

' JAMES L. POALK.

Witnesses: c

J. WALT R DOUGLASS, THOMAS M. SMITH.

